Ação antineoplásica da cafeína em linhagem celular de melanoma-SK-MEL-28

Abstract

Among human malignant neoplasms, cutaneous melanoma has a greater capacity for systemic dissemination when compared to the most prevalent cancers. Melanoma originates from the disordered proliferation of melanocytes caused by numerous factors that result in cumulative genetic mutations, responsible for the aggressiveness of the disease. Cutaneous melanomas diagnosed with greater invasive thickness can be difficult to control in local and systemic treatment, despite the development of new therapies. Therefore, there is a constant search for therapeutic alternatives to help in the treatment of this disease. Currently, naturally extracted products are being used to aid in tumor treatment, among them is caffeine. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of caffeine on the purinergic system and oxidative stress in cutaneous melanoma cells. using the SK-MEL-28 cell line from the Rio de Janeiro cell bank cultivated in DMEM medium at 5% CO2. They were treated with different concentrations of caffeine and subsequent analysis of cell viability, purinergic system and oxidative stress. The results of our work showed a decrease in the gene and protein expression of the CD39 and CD73 ectonucleotidases and, with that, regulate the amount of extracellular ATP in the purinergic cascade and induce cell death. Thus, caffeine appears as a promising therapeutic adjuvant in cutaneous melanoma.