"U-381 Batista Recttor": um sítio arqueológico Guarani pré-colonial em contexto de usinas hidrelétricas no alto Rio Uruguai

Abstract

The Upper Uruguay River displays a landscape anthropically transformed and occupied by human societies for millennia. This study analyzes the site U-381 Batista Recttor, which belongs to the Guarani archaeological unit, located on the right bank of the Uruguay River, Alto Bela Vista County, Santa Catarina State. Its registration had carried out within the archaeology project linked to the environmental licensing of the Machadinho Hydroelectric Power Plant. In 2019, the archaeological site was registered within the “Projeto de recadastramento de sítios arqueológicos das mesorregiões Oeste e Planalto de Santa Catarina” (PRESASC) and was excavated in 2020. In this regard, the research aims to comprehend the archaeological site U-381 Batista Recttor concerning the context of the Guarani occupation in the Upper Uruguay River, as well as the archaeological heritage at the time of acceleration in the construction of hydroelectric power plants in Brazil, as well as the typological characteristics and stylistic features of pottery material culture collected. Therefore, the perspectives of Environmental History, long-term and the post-procedural archaeology were applied, carrying out a macroscopic analysis of the pottery remains. Moreover, some larger-scale borders have been rebuilt. Obtained results showcase a site with preserved archaeological material of pre-colonial chronology, highlighting the stylistic variability observed in the different types of incised plastic treatment and the typology of shapes. In addition, the impact of large enterprises on the archaeological heritage could be observed, including the importance of intertwining interdisciplinary analysis between Environmental History and Archaeology, aiming at understanding Indigenous History.