Análise do perfil epidemiológico e incidência da sífilis congênita em Chapecó - SC entre 2015 e 2020: comparação com o estado de Santa Catarina

Abstract

Congenital syphilis affects thousands of children, being characterized as an important cause of morbidity and mortality, being a treatable and preventable disease. Thus, it is necessary to understand the epidemiological profile of the disease in order to contribute to the establishment of strategies for its confrontation. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence and profile of the disease in the municipality of Chapecó during the period from 2015 to 2020 and compare it with data from the state of Santa Catarina. Data from the National System of Diseases and Notifications (SINAN), made available by the Epidemiological Surveillance Directorate of the State of Santa Catarina (DIVE/SC), were analyzed. The data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics, and the categorical variables were presented by absolute and relative frequency. A total of 194 cases of congenital syphilis were reported in the municipality and 3,246 in the state. Between the time proposed, the mean annual incidence in the state was 5.53 cases/1,000 live births (NV), and in the municipality, 7.76 cases/1,000 NV. These incidences are still far from the global goal of the World Health Organization, which aims to reach 0.5/1,000 NV. The profile of higher incidence was concentrated in white pregnant women, with low education and who did not receive proper treatment, as well as in white, asymptomatic neonates and without significant difference regarding gender. Improvements in strategic planning, situational diagnosis, and review of public policies are needed, as well as improvements in the training of health professionals for a better approach to infection since pregnancy. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the measures proposed for syphilis control, which reflects significantly on the incidence rate of congenital syphilis.