Mortalidade por câncer de tireoide em adolescentes e adultos jovens no Brasil e no Japão, 1980-2020

Abstract

Introduction: Both the incidence and mortality rates of thyroid cancer have been increasing in recent decades in many parts of the world, a phenomenon that is still poorly studied in Brazil. In contrast, Japan has a vast literature on monitoring this phenomenon in the population, particularly after the Fukushima disaster in 2011. Therefore, the objective of this study is to describe the temporal evolution of mortality rates from thyroid cancer in adolescents and young adults in Brazil and Japan from 1980 to 2020. Methods: This is an ecological study that analyzes the mortality rates from thyroid cancer in adolescents and young adults (15 to 39 years old) residing in Brazil and Japan between 1980 and 2020. Data collection was performed using official records from IBGE, SIM, and Ganjoho. To compare the two locations, mortality rates were standardized using the direct method. Results: According to the presented data, the number of deaths from thyroid cancer is higher in Brazil than in Japan, both in absolute numbers and mortality rates, in all age groups analyzed. There has been a constant trend in Brazil and a decrease in mortality rates in Japan. However, it is essential to emphasize that both countries share a common pattern: the majority of deaths occur in the later stages of life.Conclusion: The study examines mortality rates in Brazil, which were consistently higher than those in Japan across all age groups studied, highlighting the need for specific health policies for each country. Early diagnosis, through clinical and laboratory examinations, is crucial for improving patient survival.