Avaliação da adubação verde com timbó (Ateleia glazioveana) associada à aplicação de microrganismos eficientes no cultivo de hortaliças consorciadas

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using timbó biomass (Ateleiaglazioveana Baill.) as a source of nutrients in the intercropping of rocket and broccoli, compared to organic fertilizer from composted poultry litter (commercial class A), both sources subjected to the application of EM (Efficient Microorganisms). Six treatments were used: Treatment 1 - fresh biomass of timbó (A. glazioveana) applied as mulch in the amount of 2.4 kg/m² (Ag); Treatment 2 - fresh biomass of timbó applied as mulch in the amount of 2.4 kg/m² plus the addition of efficient microorganisms in the dilution of 25 ml/L of chlorine-free water (AgME); Treatment 3 - commercial class A organic fertilizer incorporated into the soil in the amount of 0.95 kg/m² (A); Treatment 4 - commercial class A organic fertilizer incorporated into the soil in the amount of 0.95 kg/m² with the addition of efficient microorganisms 25 ml/ 1L (AME); Treatment 5 - control without the addition of fertilizer (CTL); Treatment 6 - control only with the addition of efficient microorganisms (25 ml/ L) (CTLME). The design used was entirely randomized, with 43 replications per treatment, in which each plant was considered a replication. The data obtained corresponds to the dry matter of the aerial part and length of the rocket plants, as well as the aerial dry matter of the broccoli plants. The biomass's nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels were quantified. It was observed that treatment A had the highest dry matter values for both crops; however, in the case of rocket, they did not differ from the treatment with timbó biomass plus ME. As for broccoli, the highest value was found for treatment A, which differed statistically from the others. Concerning the bromatological analysis, the timbó biomass met the nitrogen demand for both crops, pointing to the potential of using timbó biomass as a green manure. However, the green manure was insufficient to meet the phosphorus demand of the crops compared to the organic fertilizer (A). In the broccoli crop, phosphorus deficiency proved to be a limiting factor for development. The efficient microorganisms seem to have contributed to a better response to green manure in the rocket crop. However, applying efficient microorganisms generated controversial results in the broccoli crop and when applied alone (CTLME). Using timbó biomass in the quantity tested is an alternative for green manure in vegetable crops, as long as it is associated with alternative sources of phosphorus to meet the crops' demands.