O "eu" de Augusto dos Anjos em imagens: metáforas da crítica literária

Abstract

This research has as its thematic the study of imageries produced by Literary Criticism surrounding Augusto dos Anjos. It aims at confronting several discourses of Literary Criticism about Augusto dos Anjos’s production, and identifying the various readings and approaches made about his work in different contexts, based on some metaphors stated by critics. The theoretical background is the conception about discourse developed by Mikhail Bakhtin. The study is anchored in writings by the Russian philosopher himself and in Brazilian researchers who are themselves reference among the theory, such as José Luiz Fiorin, Diana Luz Pessoa de Barros and Beth Brait, among others. Thus, the discourse is understood as the language in use, materialized in the dialogic relation among individuals, in the dialogue among different social voices. In addition, the metaphor is understood as the generator of meaning effects, which brings a new context, a new possibility of reading to the text, remarking the presence of the other, of different voices in the discourse. Besides, in this theoretical context, we focus on Literary Criticism as a discourse genre, with structure that is relatively stable, which is constituted, basically, from the analysis of a certain author and/or work. The Critic is seen as an enunciator who communicates to an enunciatee his own point of view about the poet. His text presents a context, the conditions of discourse production, it is a voice that affirms and opposes to other discourse voices. Such a process produces meanings in the discourse and it contributes to the interpretation of the Literary work itself. The corpus of research in this dissertation is composed by eighteen texts, written by fourteen Literary Critics, published between the decade 1910 and 1990. The methodology is built with the operationalization of the theory for the interpretation of the criticism texts, with previous bibliographic research and during the corpus analysis. From the analysis performed, mainly, by the interpretation of metaphors and dialogical relations, we produced six different groups of images that allow us to show how the poet was interpreted by literary criticism. We call these groups metaphorical stains, which mark Augusto dos Anjos as scientific, expressionist, mystic, strange, melancholic and a good poet. They are stratified images that together give a panorama of the poet of Eu. Even, we highlight it is possible to admit that in the critics’ discourse there are several metaphor constructions, which allow the identification of several dialogue possibilities, that is, there are several dialogic relations, meaning several critical approaches about Augusto dos Anjos’s work.