Avaliação das técnicas de transporte de peixe vivo da região Oeste de Santa Catarina

Abstract

In recent decades it has increased the demand for meat production. Thus, the continental aquaculture production it has been presented as an alternative, being leveraged mainly by fish farming. One of the prominent states in fish production is Santa Catarina, the main species produced in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) representing 64.1% of total production. Along with the increase in production, we need to follow up the whole industry chain. Among these, we have the transport of live fish, being fundamental to the activity. The process of loading and transport of fish are procedures that expose them to a variety of adverse stimuli, which are responsible for losses both during and after transport. Various additives in water are used to prevent these losses and apply some techniques on loading. The lack of data about the logistics involved in transporting live fish, is relevant to address the problems faced by the sector, confronting technical data with what is actually performed the work routine of companies. The information for the preparation of the database were obtained by desk research firsthand procedure, interviews through previously structured questionnaire based on theoretical references on the subject The results showed that the practice of live fish transport in the region is carried out at least 20 years in the region, with destination mainly refrigerators, and to a lesser extent for fish-pagues and fairs. The sector has a high buoyancy cargo volume during the year, due to the influence of fish consumption rates in some seasons. Although there are some inconsistencies in the transport process, usually companies meet most technical recommendations as fasting, reducing the level of water aeration in the pre loading and loading stage. Among the species transported, the main one being tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) representing 89.86% of the total. The total amount of kilos transported, 44.61% is arising in this region. For additives used in transport, it is observed that all carriers use pure oxygen, a company makes use of ice, and three use salt, however, the latter at lower dosages indicated. The losses of fish ranging from 0.91 to 2.22% during transport, and 0 to 3.43% after delivered to the destination. These mortalities when converted into values (R $), become significant. Companies justify the losses mainly by poor management at harvesting, nutritional factors and receiving the fish pagues. Thus, we realize that there is a lack of knowledge and technical support by transport companies, which is one of the limiting factors for effectiveness in transport.