Tratamento biológico e químico em sementes de trigo com diferentes níveis de germinação

Abstract

Wheat is one of the most important winter cereals for the world's economy, and is among the most produced. Therefore, it is necessary to pay due attention to the quality of the seeds used to achieve ideal productivity. The present work aimed to verify the effect of different biological and chemical products, applied via seed treatment, on seeds with different levels of initial germination, on the physiological quality and initial performance of wheat seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized experimental design in a 3x6 factorial. As factor A, seeds from three seed lots with different germination percentages of the TBIO Trunfo cultivar were used (76%, 82% and 98%). As factor B, six seed treatments were used: Vitavax Thiran®, TDM® (Trichoderma harzianun + Trichoderma asperellum), LaborzymeFull® (Bacillus subtillis + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), StimuControl® (Trichoderma harzianum), No-Nema® (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ) and a control where only water was used. The performance of treated wheat seed lots was evaluated through physiological quality tests in the laboratory and initial growth in a greenhouse. In the variables analyzed in the laboratory, such as the germination speed index, germination, dry mass of the aerial part and roots showed a significant difference between the treatments. The Vitavax Thiran®, StimuControl® and No-Nema® treatments significantly reduced germination in relation to the control. In relation to IVG, the treatments did not contribute positively, with the No-Nema® and Vitavax Thiran® treatments providing the lowest values. The best results for the batch of 76% and 82% in relation to dry mass values were observed in the control treatment. On the other hand, in the greenhouse, the use of seed treatment did not present positive impacts in relation to the control in most of the variables analyzed.