Extrato etanólico de própolis de Tetragonisca angustula no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum e Rhizoctonia solani em alface

Abstract

One of the main stingless bees used in Brazil is Tetragonisca angustula, which is often used to produce honey and propolis, being present in popular medicine and the pharmaceutical industry for treating illnesses and also for food consumption. Due to its microbial potential, the product is being studied for plant health, although there are currently few studies. The objective of the work was to evaluate the potential of using T. angustula propolis extract in the control of soil phytopathogens that affect the Elisa lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) crop. Propolis was obtained from maceration for 15 days in 70% ethanol, followed by filtering and dilution in different concentrations of distilled water. The experiments were conducted at the Phytopathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS) - Campus Laranjeiras do Sul (PR). Concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% of the ethanolic extract of propolis were evaluated on the growth of the fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and on the protective effect on lettuce plants in aerial and soil applications. Propolis extract promoted a significant reduction in the growth of R. solani and S. sclerotiorum, as well as inhibition of the formation of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia in vitro. In general, no protective effect was observed on lettuce plants due to the application of propolis. The results demonstrate antifungal activity of T. angustula propolis against soil phytopathogens, although no protective effect was found in vivo.