Controle da ferrugem-asiática da soja com oxicloreto de cobre e extratos de própolis

Abstract

The decrease in productivity caused by fungal diseases is a factor of great importance in soybean cultivation, especially Asian rust. The excessive use of fungicides to control these diseases can lead to pathogen resistance in addition to harmful effects on the environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of the ethanolic extract of green propolis, brown propolis and copper oxychloride in controlling Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybeans. Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the direct antifungal effect on spore germination and germ tube size of the fungus. Experiments were also conducted on detached leaves and soybean plants. Extracts of 2% propolis and 0.2% copper oxychloride were evaluated, using distilled water as a control. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with five replications. The use of green propolis extract, brown propolis and copper oxychloride significantly reduced spore germination and germ tube size, also reducing the severity of the disease in detached leaves and soybean plants. The results demonstrate the potential of brown green propolis ethanolic extracts in controlling Asian soybean rust.