Acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico em hospital de referência no norte do Rio Grande do Sul: perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos

Abstract

Introduction: Ischemic stroke is an important medical emergency, in which time is of utmost importance to determine its clinical course, its treatment and its results. Objective: To describe the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients affected by stroke, the therapeutic choice and in-hospital complications, evaluating the relationship between these two variables. Methodology: Retrospective cohort study carried out using electronic medical records, treated at a referral hospital in the north of Rio Grande do Sul between 2017 and 2020, collecting data on the clinical-epidemiological profile, care data and intraoperative complications. -hospital. Results: The sample consisted of 645 medical records of patients, most of them male (52,7%), aged 59 years or younger (27,7%), with an average age of 68,2 years (± 14,3), white skin color (93.4%) and from other municipalities (53,8%). The most prevalent risk factors were systemic arterial hypertension (70,6%), previous stroke (33,3%) and smoking (28,7%). The most used treatment was acetylsalicylic acid (56,28%) and the most common complication group was infectious complications (14,11%; IC95 11-17). Conservative therapy was associated with the highest rates of complications, while dual antiplatelet therapy was the least related to infectious and neurological complications and acetylsalicylic acid to cardiovascular complications. Conclusion: the clinical-epidemiological profile of the patients and the complications are in line with those described in the literature. The use of acetylsalicylic acid is higher than expected and described in previous studies, and conservative treatment has the highest complication rates.