Comparação do diagnóstico citopatológico e histopatológico de neoplasmas cutâneos e orais de caninos diagnosticados no laboratório de patologia da SUHVU no período de janeiro de 2018 a julho de 2023

Abstract

The incidence of neoplasms in dogs has increased significantly, which represents one of the most frequent causes of death in companion animals. Cytopathology and histopathology aim to evaluate cellularity and tissue constitution, respectively, to obtain a diagnosis. Therefore, the anatomopathological study of neoplasms is extremely important, as is the study of correlations between diagnostic tests. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to compare the cytopathological and histopathological diagnosis of cutaneous and oral neoplasms in canines; as well as analyzing data related to the breed, age and sex of the affected animals. In this sense, a retrospective and prospective study was carried out at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of SUHVU - UFFS, Campus Realeza, through consultation of the Anatomopathological Service Request Forms and cytological and histological reports, in addition to the use of biological samples from dogs with cutaneous and oral neoplasms. The comparison was carried out through the elaboration of a descriptive table, based on the cytopathological and histopathological diagnosis, defined by the histogenesis and biological behavior of the neoplasm. Epidemiological data were obtained according to the evaluated records and reports, which were displayed in graphs. The analyzes were carried out using descriptive statistics, with assessment of relative and absolute frequency. From this, 29 cases were compared. The cytopathological diagnosis was in agreement with the histopathological diagnosis in 85% of the cytological samples, determining the lesion as neoplastic. In cytology, histogenesis was determined in 76% of neoplastic samples, corresponding to 91% accuracy in histology. The biological behavior, in cytology, was determined in 59% of the samples, corresponding to 88% accuracy in histology. The age ranged between two and 16 years, with 57% being males and 43% being females. The frequency of mixed-breed canines was lower than the frequency of mixed-breed canines (69%), where there was a higher prevalence of shih-tzu and pinscher breeds. It was concluded that the comparison between the diagnoses revealed high accuracy presented by cytopathology. Elderly animals had a higher incidence of neoplasms. There was a higher prevalence of male canines. Furthermore, canines with a defined breed stood out in relation to canines without a defined breed, with the shih-tzu and pinscher breeds predominating.