Prevalência de HPV de alto risco em mulheres atendidas em ambulatório do sistema único de saúde no norte gaúcho

Abstract

To identify the epidemiological profile and prevalence of high-risk genotypes in women diagnosed positive for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) treated at a gynecology outpatient clinic. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in a specialized outpatient clinic in Passo Fundo (RS). Non-pregnant women over 18 years of age, seen from November 2020 to May 2022, were included. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire and gynecological examination. To research HPV, the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique was used in samples of vaginal cervical content. The statistical analysis consisted of the distribution of absolute and relative frequencies of the descriptive variables and the prevalence of positivity for high-risk HPV, with a 95% confidence interval (CI95). Results: The sample, (n=44), is mainly characterized by women aged between 31 and 59 years old (75%), in paid employment (68,2%), white (68,2%), sexually active (88,6%), with sexual intercourse over 16 years of age (72,7%), with a stable marital relationship (81,8%), without the habit of using condoms (89,7%), who undergo Pap smears periodically (97,7%) and who do not have cancer (86,4%). The prevalence of high-risk HPV (16, 18, 31, 45 and 51) was 68,2% (IC95 54-83), with genotype 45 standing out (47,7%). Furthermore, 45,9% of the sample presented infection with a single genotype, while 22,7% with a mixed genotype. Conclusion: The profile of the studied sample was established and a high prevalence of high-risk HPV was determined. The study helps in creating effective preventive strategies against cervical cancer.