Estratégias de sensibilização da equipe de enfermagem para manutenção assertiva do potencial doador de órgãos e tecidos

Abstract

Introduction: Organ transplantation has long been used as an option for cases where conventional treatments are no longer effective, undergoing many modifications and improvements over the years. Currently, the majority of harvested organs come from donors who have experienced brain death; in these cases, the correct maintenance of this potential donor directly influences the possibility of them becoming a Tx organ donor. Technical nursing care for these cases is already well-established and recognized, but the literature indicates that deficiencies in this assistance are common. In-Hospital Committees for Organ and Tissue Donation for Transplants (CIHDOTTs) emerge as a strategy for monitoring, detecting potential donors, and providing periodic training for teams. Consequently, they become possible agents for improving organ procurement rates. Objective: To identify actions developed by CIHDOTTs that enhance the awareness of the nursing team for the care of potential organ donors. Methodology: This is an exploratory and descriptive research conducted in the State of Santa Catarina (SC), between September and December 2023, involving CIHDOTTs in SC that were duly registered and accredited by SC Transplants and had their statistics disclosed by the central authority. Data collection was done through a questionnaire sent via email or instant messaging channels that participants accessed after reading and accepting the informed consent form. The Discourse of the Collective Subject was used for data analysis. The research followed ethical research laws and determinations entirely, commencing only after approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of the Southern Border (CEP/UFFS). Results: 8 CIHDOTTS participated in the research. It was possible to observe that actions such as the promotion of continuous and permanent education are positive factors in sensitizing the nursing team, as well as having feedback about the outcome of the donation process, which serves as motivation and recognition of the care provided by the team, making them feel involved in the process. However, barriers such as the devaluation of care provided are still encountered in professional practice and negatively influence team awareness. Conclusion: During the study, a lack of research focusing on sensitizing the nursing team was noted—research that goes beyond the necessary techniques for the correct maintenance of potential organ donors. Such a cultural shift should begin in training courses and permeate all professional practice services. Therefore, it is suggested to conduct more studies focused on the topic, allowing for a broader discussion about the importance of professionals being sensitive to the organ donation process.