Introdução in vitro, micropropagação de Physalis Peruviana L.

Abstract

The culture of Physalis Peruviana L. has been used in cooking, for fresh consumption and obtaining essential oils that can be used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. The propagation of this species is often carried out by sexual propagation methods, but due to the high genetic variability of plants obtained from seeds, alternative methods using plant biotechnology represent a strategic way to establish superior genotypes. In this context, tissue culture and micropropagation studies are essential to assist the plant improvement of this species. This study was aimed to establish a protocol for in vitro introduction, micropropagation and pre-acclimatization of Physalis peruviana L. The present work was developed in the Laboratories of the Campus of Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, located in Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná. Physalis peruviana L. seeds were obtained from the Feltrin seed company. For the in vitro introduction of plants from seeds, an experiment was carried out comparing sodium hypochlorite concentrations ranging from 0 to 6%. After aseptic procedures, the seeds were isolated in MS culture medium and cultivated in BOD for 28 days and then evaluated according to percentage of germination and contamination. The plants obtained were subcultured in MS culture medium for 4 subcultures of 28 days and rooted in MS culture medium containing 1.0 mg.L-1 of AIB. Pre-acclimatization was carried out by growing the plants in commercial Plantmax® substrate. The results demonstrated that the most efficient treatments for in vitro introduction were those containing 4 and 6% sodium hypochlorite and demonstrated the best results for the percentage of germination and contamination. The MS culture medium free of phytoregulators provided shoot multiplication and rooting in the MS culture medium occurred in 100% of the shoots compared. Pre-acclimatization was observed in 76% of plants grown in the Plantmax® substrate. It was concluded that the established experimental conditions allowed the obtention of plants from in vitro seedlings of Physalis peruviana L.