Extrato hidroalcoólico de erva-mate no manejo de murcha de Fusarium em tomateiro

Abstract

Fusarium wilt in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is difficult to control and interferes with vegetable production. The aim was to evaluate the hydroalcoholic extract (HE) of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) in inhibiting the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) growth, the tomato wilt causal agent. The experiment was conducted at UFFS - Campus Erechim, in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments: (T1) Control (water only); (T2) 2% HE of yerba mate; (T3) 4% yerba mate HE; (T4) 6% HE of yerba mate; (T5) HE of 8% yerba mate; (T6) 10% HE of yerba mate; and (T7) Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil - 2 μL. Tomato seeds, cv. San Marzano, were inoculated with FOL using the water restriction technique with mannitol (water potential -0.6 Mpa) and then subjected to the treatments described above. Were evaluated: FOL incidence (%); field emergency (%); and seedling length (cm) germination (%). The analyzed variables differed statistically using the Scott-Knott test (p ≤ 0.05). The FOL lowest incidence was obtained with Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil - 2 μL (2%). In terms of seedling length, treatments T4 and T5 stood out, in which the seedlings were, on average, 5.7 cm. For germination (media: 90.5%) and field emergence (media: 83.6%) the best results occurred in 6, 8 e 10 μL of HE of yerba mate, indicating that the HE of yerba mate is promising for pathogen control.