Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes com osteossarcoma atendidos em um hospital terciário de Passo Fundo, Rio Grande Do Sul

Abstract

To analyze the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients affected by osteosarcoma treated at a tertiary hospital in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted in electronic medical records, in which data were collected from patients of both sexes, any age, and diagnosed with malignant and benign neoplasms of bones and articular cartilages (ICD C41.9 and D16.9) from 2013 to 2024. From these, a subsample was composed only of patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma (M9180/3). Sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed, from which absolute and relative frequencies were described. Results: The sample consisted of 44 patients with osteosarcoma of any histological grade, mostly female (52.3%), white (86.4%), and ranging in age from 6 to 71 years, with a mean of 25.25 (±16.84). The most affected sites were distal femur (29.5%), proximal humerus (20.5%), and proximal tibia (13.6%), predominantly on the left side of the body. Metastases occurred during treatment (29.5%) and at diagnosis (9.1%). Recurrences (22.7%) and pathological fractures (22.7%) were observed. Regarding treatment, chemotherapy was performed (84.1%), and conservative surgery was the most frequent (75%), with a preference for the use of endoprostheses (43.2%). In terms of prognosis, most remained alive after 5 years (67%) with disease-free survival (61%). Conclusion: The results were consistent with most variables, except for gender prevalence, recurrences, and chemotherapy use, which were slightly lower, pathological fractures exceeded the percentages described in the literature, and the absence of a second peak of incidence in the elderly