Efeitos de diferentes doses de produto comercial a base de Trichoderma na produção de beterraba

Abstract

Beet belongs to the Chenopodiaceae family and is one of the most widely grown vegetables in Brazil. This tuberous root is characterized by having several benefits for human health, acting mainly in the prevention of diseases, and also has a high amount of vitamin sources. The fungus of the genus Trichoderma acts as a plant growth-promoting agent and can stimulate the production of auxins and the growth of roots in cultivated plants. However, few studies have been carried out to date on the effects of applying Trichoderma to the soil in order to improve the production of tuberous beet roots. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of Trichoderma on plant growth and tuberous root productivity of two beet cultivars in a study carried out in Chapecó. The experiment was carried out in the field in the experimental area of the UFFS Chapecó campus between October and December 2022. Beet seeds of the cultivars Chata do Egito and Vermelha Comprida were used.

The design of the experiment was randomized blocks, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme (doses of Trichoderma x cultivars). Doses of T. harzianum strain ESALQ -1306 were used. The following variables were assessed every 15 days after transplanting the seedlings: plant height, number of leaves, height and width of the largest leaf. The results obtained from the evaluations were submitted to analysis of variance and comparison of means using the Tukey test for the cultivar factor and regression for the dose factor (p<0.05) using the SISVAR® statistical program. The doses of T. harzianum tested influenced the following characteristics associated with plant growth: plant height at 15 DAT, number of leaves, leaf width and length at 27 DAT. In general, the dose of 0.25 L/ha was the most efficient in promoting growth. The productivity of tuberous beet roots was affected by the doses of T. harzianum cepa ESALQ 1306 in the Chata do Egito cultivar, with the best result using 0.5 L/ha. Therefore, it is possible to use 50 to 25% less than the recommended dose of the product (recommendation for disease control) to promote plant growth and productivity of beet, with variable effects depending on the cultivar evaluated.