Currículo da educação física escolar: o basquetebol como temática de tensionamento

Abstract

In recent times, discussions about curriculum and its interfaces in Brazilian formal education have gained prominence, especially in the context of Physical Education in Schools (PES). There is a growing effort to establish an identity for PES that legitimizes it as a curricular component dedicated to the production of knowledge and understanding about the body culture of movement. This endeavor requires reflection on the role and structuring of the Physical Education (PE) curriculum in schools, involving the selection, organization, and systematization of study themes, explaining the specific content that will be taught. In this sense, this study aims to analyze the way basketball is presented in the PE curricular documents of state and municipal public schools, in Elementary School II (6th to 9th grade). The specific objectives are: to argue about the importance of considering the perspective of the production of multidimensional knowledge and the approach to Olympic Values in PE in Basic Education, based on the theme of basketball; to understand how themes related to basketball and Olympic values are treated in schools; and, finally, to develop a proposal for a longitudinal curriculum systematization (6th to 9th grade) on basketball, which focuses on the production of multidimensional knowledge and the understanding and experience of Olympic Values. Methodologically, it consists of a qualitative, documentary research that analyzed the curriculum documents of six public schools, two municipal schools and four state schools. When analyzing the data, evidence was found that the phenomenon of teacher abandonment/pedagogical disinvestment seems to manifest itself in the context, because, among other things, the process of searching for school documents was a traumatic movement, with difficulty in presenting them by some schools. Regarding the physical dimension of knowledge, only one of the municipal schools presents a detailed plan on basketball, while the others present the theme of invasion sports in a generalist way. Regarding the conceptual dimension, one municipal school presents themes directly linked to basketball, but with a weak systematization and deepening, while the others present broader themes that are consistent with the conceptual dimension, but without articulation with basketball. Regarding the Olympic Values, it was possible to observe that there is reference to values, but related in a more general way to the universe of body practices, without mentioning the term specifically. It is concluded that, with its strengths and weaknesses, the research can contribute to PE teachers in the elaboration and development of curricular projects centered on the multidimensionality of knowledge, demonstrating enormous educational potential regarding the production of knowledge about the body culture of movement.