Prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica em pacientes esquizofrênicos de um serviço especializado

Abstract

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that can reduce life expectancy by up to 25 years. This psychopathology is associated with a greater risk of Systemic Arterial Hypertension, which, in turn, corroborates with the mortality from cardiovascular diseases. At the same time, treatment with antipsychotics can lead to adverse metabolic effects, such as weight gain, diabetes and dyslipidemia, which can increase the risk of Hypertension. Objective: Identify the prevalence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension in schizophrenic patients treated at a psychiatric hospital, describing the sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of these individuals. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, with 180 medical records selected for analysis. The prevalence of sociodemographic, health and behavioral variables of patients with schizophrenia, as well as schizophrenics with Hypertension was calculated, in addition to the medications used by the patients. Results: Hypertension was observed in 16.1% of patients, of whom 92.3% were white, 69% were male, 79.3% were over 40 years old and 42.1% had incomplete elementary education. Considering the modifiable risk factors of schizophrenic and hipertensive individuals, 62.5% were obese. The most commonly used antipsychotics in this group were haloperidol (37.9%) and risperidone (31%). Conclusion: A prevalence of Systemic Arterial Hypertension was found in 16,1% individuals with schizophrenia, with the highest number being males, aged over 40 years and presenting obesity