Ocorrência de toxoplasmose congênita no Brasil entre 2019 e 2022

Abstract

The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis between 2019 and 2022 in Brazil, analyzing the most affected regions, diagnostic methods, and case outcomes. The data for the studied years, related to congenital toxoplasmosis cases, were extracted from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), part of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). During the period, an increase in the disease's prevalence was observed nationwide, rising from 10 cases per 10,000 live births in 2019 to 35 cases per 10,000 live births in 2022. Regionally, the South and Central-West regions showed the highest prevalence during the study period. Laboratory tests were the predominant diagnostic method, accounting for 65.8% of cases, compared to clinical-epidemiological methods. Although a significant proportion of cases lacked outcome information, the primary result observed was cure, reported in 43.7% of cases. The rising prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis in Brazil raises a broader discussion regarding the current prenatal care strategies in the country, highlighting regional disparities in access to healthcare. These findings emphasize the need for more effective surveillance strategies and preventive actions aimed at early detection and control of the disease in Brazil.