Adesão dos profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em uma UTI geral as rotinas de prevenção de infecção associadas ao trato urinário em um hospital regional do oeste catarinense

Abstract

Healthcare-Associated Infections can be local or systemic and are acquired after the patient is admitted to a healthcare facility. Their manifestation may occur during hospitalization or after discharge. The criticality of intensive care units is not restricted to the degree ofseverity of the patient's condition, but also to the risk of developing infections. It is estimated that up to 30% of intensive care patients develop some type of infection during their stay in the sector. Among Healthcare-Associated Infections, urinary tract infections represent the most common occurrence. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection is the most common in intensive care. In this context, actions to prevent and reduce infections are essential, and the use of good practice bundles is seen as a promising strategy to reduce infection rates. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the adherence of nursing professionals working in a general ICU to the urinary tract infection prevention protocol in a hospital in western Santa Catarina. This is a quantitative, descriptive and documentary study. The research was developed in the general adult ICU of a hospital in a city in western Santa Catarina. Data collection took place between June and August 2024. The study included data from the audit records of urinary catheters carried out by SCIRAS regarding the adherence of ICU nursing professionals to the bundle for preventing urinary tract infections in adult patients aged 18 years or older. The study consisted of 410 catheters audited between June and August 2024 in the general ICU of a hospital in western Santa Catarina. This study identified the adherence of nursing professionals to the variables presented in the UTI-AC prevention bundle, with 92.93% of the audited collectio n bags having identification of the insertion date and being within the validity period, and 99.76% of the bags having unobstructed urine flow, in the sequence, related to the collection bag below the level of the bladder 98.54% were adequate, related to the variable of the collection bag being far from the floor, 99.51% were adequate and finally 93.41% of the bags had content below the total capacity of the collection bag. Regarding the Carter positivity rate, it was possible to observe in all the variables analyzed an index higher than 90%, considering the adherence to the bundle of prevention of urinary tract infection associated with adequate bladder catheter. Given the complexity of care-related infections, particularly urinary tract infections, it is estimated that actions to prevent infections help reduce hospital cost indicators, increase hospitalization days, patient safety, and reduce mortality rates, with emphasis on the use of bundles. Our study identified compliance and adequacy in all variables analyzed. It is estimated that the expansion of actions such as this should be guided by the continuity and awareness of all professionals involved in care, adopting strategies for ongoing on-site education, team meetings, multidisciplinary work, and supervision of interventions, thus promoting positive results such as those found in this study.