Humanização a partir das práticas integrativas e complementares no centro cirúrgico: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

This paper presents the humanization of care and how Integrative and Complementary Practices can contribute to its implementation in the surgical environment. The humanization of care was interpreted as a process that aims to improve customer service, providing well-being and support, and involving interaction between the team and the patient. This is what Integrative and Complementary Practices envisioned, adopted by the World Health Organization in 2006, through the National Policy for Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health (PNPIC). As well as in the Surgical Center, which involves ethics, equal and individualized care, accountability, care, and support. Integrative and Complementary Practices (PIC) encompass a variety of therapeutic approaches that seek to complement conventional treatment, focusing on methods that treat the patient holistically, considering their physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects. These practices include, but are not limited to, acupuncture, herbal medicine, meditation, and homeopathy and reiki. In the context of the Surgical Center, the humanization of care takes on even greater importance, as it involves the rigorous application of ethical principles, ensuring care that is not only egalitarian but also deeply individualized. Each patient must be treated with due accountability, where health professionals are committed to providing complete and continuous care, which extends from the moment of admission to the postoperative period, including emotional and psychological support. In this scenario, humanized care also encompasses respecting the dignity of the patient, actively listening to their needs and expectations, and creating a safe and welcoming environment. By integrating these principles, the health team can build a relationship of trust and empathy with patients, which is essential for the effectiveness of treatment and patient recovery. This study aims to conduct a search to investigate the impact of humanizing care, through Integrative and Complementary Practices, in the Surgical Center environment from 2014 to 2024. The methodology used involves an integrative literature review. The following search engines were used to select the data: Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and the National Library of Medicine of the United States (PubMed). The search strategies in these databases were carried out using descriptors in Portuguese, selected from the controlled vocabulary DeCS - Descriptors in Health Sciences: Surgical center; Humanization; Integrative and complementary practices and in English: Surgical center; Humanization; Integrative and complementary practices. Three different combinations were made using the Boolean operator “AND” in all search databases. From the materials found, 9 articles were selected. The main points discussed were the benefits of light care technologies, which are PICs, the humanization of care for the person, integrally, and respecting their singularities. Challenges were encountered in the implementation in health services, due to the lack of knowledge on the subject, and the focus on the biomedical model of care. Therefore, despite the limitations encountered, difficulties in accessing scientific productions and the need to understand the inclusion criteria. We understand the importance of this topic for health professionals, patients and the community in general, and the need to continue sharing and expanding knowledge on this subject in undergraduate and technological courses in the health area, in spaces for social participation, and in further research in the area. Thus ensuring the integrality of the human being, in its many facets.