Efeito do exercício físico na modulação da adiponectina, leptina e irisina em pacientes hemodialíticos

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major public health problem due to its high prevalence, incidence, and morbimortality. Furthermore, in advanced stages of the disease, hemodialysis (HD) becomes essential for patient survival, at the cost of reducing their quality of life and promoting sedentary behavior, sarcopenia, and obesity. Among the various biomarkers of CKD currently studied, adiponectin, leptin, and irisin are related to body fat and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are determining factors in these patients, in addition to responding to physical exercise. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of Progressive Resistance Training (PTR) on the modulation of adiponectin, leptin, and irisin levels, renal function, and the biochemical profile of these patients. The study comprised 40 CKD patients on HD, who followed a PTR protocol for 12 weeks. Data from the parameters were collected and analyzed before and after the protocol, and a comparison was made between before and after. The results showed a reduction in serum adiponectin levels (p = 0.0044) and an increase in irisin concentration (p = 0.0112). Additionally, there was an increase in Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) (p = 0.022) and Vitamin D (p = 0.01), as well as a reduction in body weight (p = 0.0001), glucose (p = 0.009), and albumin (p = 0.0001). These results suggest that the practice of PRT in CKD patients on HD may represent an important source of non-pharmacological therapy, as it improves renal function, biochemical markers, and the adiponectin and irisin profile analyzed, and possibly indicates a protective factor against the major source of morbidity and mortality in CKD patients, which is CVD.