Estabilidade de produção de cultivares de feijão nas condições de Erechim/RS de 2022 a 2024

Abstract

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a crop of great socioeconomic importance in Brazil, especially in the southern region. This study aimed evaluate the production stability of common bean cultivars for Erechim/RS conditions, between 2022 and 2024 crop seasons. The cultivar trials were carried out in the experimental area of Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – Campus Erechim, with 15 cultivars: BRS Expedito, IPR Tuiuiú, Guapo Brilhante, BRS Valente, IAC Netuno, IPR Tiziu, BRS Esteio, BRS Esplendor, IPR Uirapurú, IAC Milênio, IPR Juriti, BRS Estilo, IAC Imperador, SCS 205 Riqueza and IPR Siriri. The adopted design was a randomized block, with 3 replications, in the 2022/23 rain season, 2023 dry season and 2024 dry season. The measured trait was grain yield (kg ha-1) corrected to 13% moisture content. The stability methodologies used were Plaisted and Peterson, and Lin and Binns modified by Carneiro. According to the Wi parameter, by Plaisted and Peterson, the cultivar SCS 205 Riqueza (Carioca group) was the most stable, and according to the Pig parameter, by Lin and Binns, the cultivar IPR Siriri (Carioca group). The cultivars with the greatest production instability for Erechim/RS were BRS Estilo and IPR Uirapurú, according to Plaisted and Peterson and Lin and Binns, respectively. IPR Siriri responded to improved environmental conditions, being indicated for favorable environments, and IAC Milênio for unfavorable environments. Both stability methodologies agree with the productive stability of the IPR Juriti comomon bean cultivar, among the five most stable, for cultivation in the rain season and dry season, in Erechim/RS, with average productivity > 2000 kg ha-1, in the years 2022 to 2024. Therefore, sowing IPR Juriti is recommended for Erechim/RS to obtain higher levels of grain yield and stability throughout the different sowing, rain and dry seasons.