Avaliação do rendimento e composição cromatográfica do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon winterianus produzido no município de Realeza, PR

Abstract

The research evaluated the yield and chromatographic composition of citronella essential oil (Cymbopogon winterianus) harvested at different times of the year. 250 citronella seedlings were planted in 5 rows of 50 m in length, 1.5 m between plants and 1.5 m between rows. After chemical correction of the soil, fertilization was carried out every six months with organic matter consisting of poultry litter, with complementary fertilization after pruning. Irrigation was carried out daily by sprinkling with water pumped from tubular wells, twice a day, in the morning and afternoon. Harvesting was carried out by pruning before the plant reached the flowering period. After harvesting, the fresh plant mass was subjected to the steam distillation technique to obtain the essential oil, which was deposited in amber glass bottles for subsequent gas chromatographic analysis coupled with mass spectrometry. 150 kg of leaves were used for each OEC production, in the summer of 2022 the yield was 2275.05 mL which resulted in a percentage of 1.29%, in winter there was a considerable decline in production which was 878 ml which resulted in 0.52% and in autumn the production was 1607.85 ml which gives 0.95% utilization. Seasonality has a very important impact on OEC production, as it affects both the yield per kg of green mass in production and the chemical composition of the essential oil, where the OEC produced in summer had a better performance for the manufacture of repellents, while in winter the chemical composition favors therapeutic use and in the cosmetics area.