Corporeidade e subjetividade na fenomenologia da percepção de Maurice Merleau-Ponty

Abstract

The present work intends to deal with the contribution of philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty to the understanding of subjectivity through the notion of corporeity, from his work Phenomenology of Perception (1945/2011). Through discussion of his conceptions of subject, object, world, consciousness, body and perception, which move away from the dualistic understandings in the philosophical tradition, and also on the different spheres of bodily existence (motricity, spatiality, temporality, sexuality, affectivity, speech and gesture), we sought to understand the importance of the body to existence and its relation to subjectivity. From conceptions on phenomenal body and incarnate subject, in addition to the recognition of the ambiguous character of perception and existence as a way of being in the world, it was possible to conclude that subjectivity is constituted and revealed by corporeity, through lived experience and alterity. Thus, we are able to affirm that Merleau-Ponty extends the notion of subjectivity and body, reconnecting them to their own way of existing in the world, integrated and ambiguous.