Implicações socioterritoriais originadas da construção da UHE - Machadinho no âmbito do espaço rural do município de Maximiliano de Almeida - RS

Abstract

The present work consists of a research whose spatial study Interior of the municipality of Maximiliano de Almeida, covering two ex-communities, namely: São Francisco Line and Coxilha Seca Line, these being located to the north of the municipality besides belonging to the northeast region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, The socio-territorial implications projected in the respective municipality as of the construction of the Machadinho Hydroelectric Power Plant. Thus, the present study refers to the repercussions in different periods: before, during and after the construction of the enterprise, highlighting issues such as the reduction of federal funds allocated to health, education due to the decrease of the agricultural area and, consequently, the population , Which in a way influenced the economy and also the finances of the municipality of Maximiliano de Almeida. The general objective that guided this work was to systematize and analyze the socio-territorial implications in Maximiliano de Almeida mainly after the year 2001, when the Machadinho Hydroelectric Plant came into full operation. In addition, data and information related to the economy relating to the period before and after this date were compared. The research is justified because it is the first work carried out with a theme that involves the HPA Machadinho and the municipality of Maximiliano de Almeida, being, therefore, a source of data for consultation and analysis of future researches. As a methodological procedure, a literature review was carried out on printed and electronically available materials, information was collected from the municipal administration office of Maximiliano de Almeida and the Environmental Disclosure Center of the Machadinho Hydroelectric Power Plant, as well as semi-direct interviews with former mayors, Of those affected by dams and with the families relocated by the enterprise. In addition, this instrument provided support in the search for information needed to build the work. The research is exploratory in nature with a representative sample. It was understood that the implantation of a large hydroelectric project, not only transformed the space in its construction period, but for many years that happened its total operation. Considering that the financial transfers from the generation of revenues from the HPP Machadinho are part of the economic and territorial organization of the municipality of Maximiliano de Almeida, based on this context an idea was created that the municipality had a small collection when comparing to the municipalities neighbors. Finally, it is concluded that, however hard it has been, it has achieved an opportunity to improve its life, with good property with the house and improvements necessary for the development of its agricultural practices. But in a way, this economic evolution does not compensate for the territorialities that these families lost along with the land they had in those communities they once belonged to, in a way the socio-territorial implications caused by the company will continue to exist, both in the territory of Maximiliano de Almeida as in other municipalities of the region and even other states, for the reason that these families have built their homes in new places with different territorialities.