Comparação de eras da cirurgia robótica no Hospital de Clínicas de Passo Fundo-RS

Abstract

Introduction: Robotic surgery has gained prominence due to its advantages over conventional techniques, although its adaptation still requires a deeper understanding. This study aims to analyze the evolution of clinical outcomes and the impact of accumulated experience over time by comparing different eras of robotic surgery in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This is a quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study conducted at the Hospital de Clínicas de Passo Fundo (RS), including patients who underwent robotic surgery between March 2023 and May 2024. Data were collected on surgical characteristics, complications, ICU admission, need for blood transfusion, and clinical outcomes. Patients were divided into two eras based on the chronological sequence of procedures, and statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test and the Chi-square test. Results: A total of 313 robotic surgeries were performed, distributed between Era 1 (157 surgeries) and Era 2 (156 surgeries). Radical prostatectomy was the most frequent procedure in both periods. The average ICU stay was significantly reduced (26.26 ± 30.6h to 13.54 ± 29.5h). In addition, a significant reduction in operative time was observed (from 293 ± 112.9 to 268 ± 96.1 minutes), while the number of instruments used remained constant. Postoperative complications decreased from 7% to 6.4%, and the conversion rate to open surgery remained low. Conclusion: The accumulation of experience over time contributed to improvements in both clinical and operational outcomes, reinforcing the safety and effectiveness of robotic surgery