Análise do perfil epidemiológico de sífilis em mulheres no estado de Santa Catarina

Abstract

Introduction: Syphilis is a disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, primarily transmitted through sexual intercourse, and capable of leading to severe neurological complications and neonatal mortality. The increasing incidence of the disease among women in Brazil, particularly in the state of Santa Catarina, is a cause for concern due to its devastating consequences. Therefore, it is essential to identify the profile of women affected by the disease by analyzing sociodemographic aspects, in order to establish criteria and strategies to combat this public health issue. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of syphilis among women aged 15 to 39 years residing in the state of Santa Catarina between 2010 and 2023. Method: This is a retrospective study based on secondary data analysis from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), compiled into electronic spreadsheets by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), referring to the state of Santa Catarina from 2010 to 2023. The variables analyzed include age group, race/skin color, education level, and health macro-region. Results: A total of 28,269 syphilis cases were recorded over the time series, with a prevalence of 7.1 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The macro-region with the highest number of cases was Grande Florianópolis. The majority of affected women were white, aged between 20 and 39 years, and had completed high school. Conclusion: The analysis of the epidemiological profile suggests the existence of a population group more vulnerable to the disease, indicating the need for targeted interventions.Thus, this study can inform strategic approaches to positively address this public health issue.