Filosofia, poesia e revolução: o pensar poético de Marx sobre o trabalho a partir dos manuscritos econômicos-filosóficos

Abstract

This monograph aims to highlight Marx's poetic thinking on the concept of labor, based on his work Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 (1932). In this work, Marx defi nes alienated labor as the result of labor power being reduced to a mere commodity, stemming from the unlimited exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie. By presenting this critical conceptualization, the philosopher expresses the loss of human creative capacity, which paradoxically occurs in an activity that should express its most intrinsic creative potential. Within this dynamic lies the foundation of Marx's poetic thought on labor, which will be studied and highlighted here as necessary for revolution. The fi nal thesis is divided into three chapters. The fi rst, Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts: Labor, Essence, and the Generic Being, is subdivided into 1.1 The Concept of Labor and 1.2 Ontology in Marx. Chapter 2, titled Labor, Alienation, and Overcoming, consists of two further subchapters: 2.1 Marx and Engels’ The German Ideology: Historical Fact and Division of Labor and 2.2 Human Emancipation: Overcoming Labor. The third chapter, in turn, is titled Poetic Thinking on Labor and is divided into two subchapters: 3.1 Philosophy and Poetry: Labor in Marx and 3.2 The Need for a Revolution Diff erent from All Other Revolutions.