Espectro aeropalinológico do município de Erechim (RS) em 2025

Abstract

The present study aimed to characterize the pollen composition in the municipality of Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, throughout the year 2025, through the application of conventional methods of collection, preparation, and microscopic analysis of aeropollen samples. Sampling was conducted monthly at two distinct locations: the first in a rural area and the second in the urban area of the municipality, covering all seasons of the year according to the meteorological calendar. These sites were selected to represent different environmental contexts, allowing for a comparative analysis of pollen distribution patterns in areas with distinct land uses and vegetation cover. Three sampling campaigns were carried out, corresponding to the months of June, August, and September. The results revealed a notable abundance of grassland taxa, which accounted for 92.50% of the analyzed pollen grains. Within this group, the families Poaceae and Asteraceae were the most representative. The taxa presenting the greatest species variation belonged to forest groups, which represented 5.6% of the total pollen grains. Among these taxa, representatives of the families Urticaceae, Bignoniaceae, and Piperaceae were identified, as well as the genera Allophylus, Matayba, Myrsine, and Mimosa. The group of exotic taxa was represented by Pinus (1.72%) and Alnus (0.18%). The data obtained will contribute to a broader understanding of local vegetation and will provide relevant support for future environmental research, studies of phytophysiognomic characterization, and air quality monitoring, in addition to identifying species that may act as potential producers of pollinosis.