Production of Biocomposites derived from fermented Chlorella sp. with Wickerhamomyces sp. UFFS-CE-3.1.2

Abstract

The transition toward a circular economy and the pursuit of environmental sustainability are driving humanity to develop alternative technologies for producing various bioproducts. In this context, fermentation processes mediated by microorganisms have gained prominence. Although yeasts are well recognized for their ability to produce alcohols, they are also capable of generating a wide range of value-added byproducts. In parallel, microalgae emerge as an advantageous non-conventional feedstock, as their cultivation does not require arable land, thereby avoiding competition with food production. Addressing this demand, the present study aimed to produce biocompounds through submerged fermentation using biomass from the microalga Chlorella sp. Enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized through a Central Composite Rotational Design (CCRD) 2², with algal biomass and enzyme mass as independent variables. This step was followed by fermentation with the yeast Wickerhamomyces sp. UFFS-CE-3.1.2. The enzyme alpha amylase employed is of commercial origin, commonly used in the brewing industry, characterized by its easy accessibility and lower environmental impact compared to chemical hydrolysis methods. The results demonstrated that the combination of microalgal biomass with enzymatic preparation led to the production of several compounds of interest, such as glycerol and acetic acid. These products have broad industrial applications and market demand, supporting the potential of yeast–microalgae synergy for the sustainable production of high-value biocompounds.