Efeitos de diferentes regimes de exercícios sobre desfechos funcionais na condromalácia patelar: uma revisão guarda-chuva

Abstract

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a prevalent condition characterized by anterior knee pain and functional limitation, with therapeutic exercise as the cornerstone of conservative management. This umbrella review synthesized evidence from systematic reviews (2020–2025) on the effects of different exercise regimens on pain and function in clinically defined PFPS (no requirement for structural confirmation on imaging). Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library; two reviewers independently screened studies and methodological quality was assessed with AMSTAR-2. Fourteen systematic reviews were included (10 “high”, 4 “moderate”). Pain (VAS/NPRS) and function (Kujala/AKPS) were the most frequent outcomes. Among reviews reporting dosage, the median program duration was 12 weeks (range: 8–12) with 5 sessions/week (range: 3–7). In 5 reviews, combined hip+knee strengthening yielded superior short-term outcomes versus isolated approaches; quadriceps-only programs (6 reviews) produced mixed findings and hip-only (1 review) showed no consistent superiority. Adjuncts (taping, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, foot orthoses), across 4 reviews, provided small-to-moderate short-term added benefits when combined with exercise, with effects attenuating over longer follow-up.