Avaliação da densidade de plantas e arranjo espacial da cultura da soja

Abstract

The soybean crop is the fastest growing in Brazil in recent years. This is due to the development of new technologies and the need for production increases due to continuous population growth. Research is focusing on biotechnology, genetic improvement and production technologies. This study aims to evaluate productivity, disease severity, stem diameter, height of 1st pod insertion, thousand grain weight of the sowing of soybean submitted to different populations of plants distributed in different row spacings and also using the cross-seeding. The research work was developed during the agricultural year 2014/2015 in the experimental area of the Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul - Campus Cerro Largo in the municipality of Cerro Largo, located between the geographic coordinates 54º44'W and 28º08'S, with an altitude of 258 meters the soil type Hapludox. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design, with 9 treatments and 4 repetitions, totaling 36 installments. Since the combination treatments are spread on 50 cm spacing, reduced spacing sowing 25 cm and the cross-seeding with three populations 250, 275 to 300 thousand plants ha -1. The data were analyzed and compared between the means of all variables by applying the Scott-Knott test at 5% significance in the SASM-AGRI Program. . Soybean yield does not increase with the different spatial arrangements used, there was also no change in soybean productivity evaluated densities, showing genotypic plasticity of culture and its ability to offset productivity in smaller populations. Analyzing the severity of illness treatments with population of 300,000 plants ha -1, showed the highest severity of Asian Rust between treatments.