Atualização do protocolo de insuficiência cardíaca (sessão aguda)

Abstract

Heart Failure (HF) represents a major challenge in contemporary clinical practice due to its high morbidity and mortality, frequent rehospitalizations, and elevated healthcare costs. In this context, this study, characterized as a narrative review, aimed to propose clinical flowcharts for the management of Decompensated Heart Failure (new-onset acute and acute decompensation of chronic HF) through a critical synthesis of national and international guidelines, clinical trials, and multicenter registries. Diagnostic, therapeutic, and follow-up aspects were systematically analyzed and served as the basis for the construction of the flowcharts. The results demonstrate that the implementation of flowcharts is effective in organizing triage, supporting prognostic stratification, and facilitating the early initiation of therapeutic interventions. Their use is associated with reductions in in-hospital mortality and length of stay, as well as with improved adherence to standardized care practices. It is concluded that the proposed flowcharts are applicable clinical tools capable of translating scientific recommendations into practical care pathways, with the potential to be formalized as institutional protocols, thereby enhancing patient safety and the quality of care for individuals with heart failure.