Fatores de risco cardiovascular clássicos associados a mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares no município de Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

With the progression of the epidemiological transition, chronic noncommunicable diseases have become the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this context, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the main cause of death, exerting a substantial physical, social, and economic burden on both individuals and the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Although several national and international studies have examined CVD mortality, there is a lack of investigations at the municipal level, which hinders the development of targeted local prevention and control strategies. Considering this gap and the epidemiological relevance of the topic, this study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of CVD mortality among residents of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), from 2014 to 2024, as well as to describe the epidemiological profile of deaths and compare local rates with state and national averages. This is an observational, quantitative, ecological, and descriptive study based on secondary data from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), obtained through the Mortality Information System (SIM), including deaths classified under codes I00–I99 of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). The results showed annual variation in mortality rates, with a slight upward trend between 2021 and 2024 and a predominance of deaths among men and older age groups. The municipal rates remained higher than the national average throughout the study period. These findings highlight the need to strengthen cardiovascular surveillance and prevention actions, focusing on risk factor control and the reduction of regional health inequalities.