Inclusão digital no meio rural: o papel da tecnologia e da comunicação na saúde de pessoas idosas

Abstract

The Brazilian demographic dynamics indicate accelerated population aging, a phenomenon that imposes complex challenges on public health, especially in rural contexts. In these areas, geographical barriers and the scarcity of infrastructure intensify isolation and difficulties in accessing health services. Given this scenario, this study aimed to understand how Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) impact digital inclusion and the health conditions of elderly people living in rural areas, based on their experiences and perceptions. This is a cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach, conducted in the municipality of Chapecó-SC. The sample consisted of 21 elderly residents in rural areas, and data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed via thematic content analysis. The results revealed that the approach to ICTs occurs mainly through intergenerational solidarity, with children and grandchildren being the primary mediators of learning. It was identified that low literacy, fear of cyber scams, and precarious network infrastructure are the main barriers to digital autonomy. On the other hand, ICTs proved to be vital tools for socialization, mitigating loneliness, and facilitating access to healthcare through communication with Primary Care teams and the use of telehealth. It is concluded that technology acts as a technological social determinant of health in the countryside. The digital inclusion of this group depends not only on access to devices but also on digital literacy policies and structural improvements that transform connectivity into an instrument of equity and dignity in rural aging.