Desempenho produtivo de cultivares convencionais de soja em sistema orgânico de produção

Abstract

Organic soybean production represents a strategic alternative for Brazilian family farming, catering to high-value-added market niches for both human consumption and organic livestock feed. However, the sector faces challenges such as a scarcity of certified seeds and cultivars specifically developed for this production system. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of ten conventional soybean cultivars from Embrapa under an organic production system in the municipality of Itaquiraí, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), seeking to identify the materials with the greatest potential for adaptation to local conditions. The experiment was conducted during the 2025/2026 growing season in Itaquiraí (MS) on soil classified as Arenossolo, under a humid subtropical climate (Cfa). A randomized complete block design with five replications was used. The cultivars evaluated were: BRS 267, BRS 268, BRS 282, BRS 283, BRS 284, BRS 511, BRS 517, BRS 525, BRS 539, and BRS 546. The variables assessed included plant height, number of pods and seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod, and grain yield. The results showed that cultivar BRS 283 achieved the best productive performance (3,329.8 kg/ha), also exhibiting the greatest plant height and the highest number of pods. Cultivars BRS 525, BRS 284, BRS 282, BRS 546, and BRS 268 also fell within the highest grain yield group, with values exceeding 2,844 kg/ha. Therefore, the conventional cultivar BRS 283 proves to be better adapted for organic cultivation in Itaquiraí, MS. Other cultivars—such as BRS 525, BRS 284, BRS 282, BRS 546, and BRS 268—also demonstrate consistent performance, reinforcing their yield stability under these growing conditions. The cultivars that are less adapted and show lower grain yields are BRS 267, BRS 511, BRS 539, and BRS 517.