Assédio moral no ambiente organizacional: o contexto dos abusos psicológicos contra as mulheres no ambiente de trabalho

Abstract

Historically, relationships established themselves in a way in which man was the provider of power and therefore performed duties outside the home, while the woman had the function of taking care of household chores. After, there has been an increase of feminist movements that seek equal rights in order to undo this uneven historical construction that is reflected in current organizational relationships. Organizations as a whole seek ways to value and recognize the importance of women as well as manage this gender inequality present in the organizational environment. Faced with this, there is the phenomenon of psychological bullying, which occurs through humiliating psychological violence, which repeatedly victimizing the same person, cause damage to physical and mental health, and in extreme cases can lead to suicide. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the impact on the career and professional performance of women who suffer or suffered bullyingment in the work environment. The methodology of the study was divided into two phases: the first, which concerns quantitative research and the second part refers to qualitative research, classified as exploratory, descriptive and applied, and as to its means, it is classified as Field and bibliographic. Data collection from the first phase of the study was conducted through a questionnaire applied via Google Docs, from a sample defined as 385 women, and 411 responses were collected. The second phase of the data collection took place through semistructured interviews with three graduate women in areas of study that have affinity with the researched area. Also, a systematic review was prepared for which it is published. Regarding the analysis of the results, as information obtained through a questionnaire, a quantitative approach was analyzed, while as information obtained in the interviews, a content analysis was used. Conclusively, it was possible to realize the high frequency of women who experienced some negative situation in the workplace in a timely manner (83.2%). Conclusively, it was possible to perceive the high frequency of women who experienced some negative situation in the workplace in a timely manner (83.2%). In addition, 20% of women are victims of aggressions that involve the intentional deterioration of working conditions, while 15% suffer from isolation and refusal of communication, 24% suffer from attacks on dignity and 12% are victims of verbal, physical or sexual violence. Approximately 73.9% of women identify themselves as victims of bullying. Of these, 70.6% identify the aggressors as being heads, where 57.1% are male. Still, 49.1% of those surveyed said they had health consequences, being low self-esteem and depression. Approximately 93.8% of those surveyed believe that bullying victimizing women is common and according to those interviewed, the reason is the historical construction of women as inferior. About 14.9% of the victims having made a formal complaint about the aggression, with only 4.3% receiving a return from the organization. As far as policies and practices for preventing bullying are concerned, only 8.1% are aware of their existence in the organization they work for, or 96.6% consider important policies on gender inequality and bullying important. It is extremely important to discuss these issues in the organizational environment, creating a culture of nonpermissiveness of bullying in organizations.