Qualidade de sementes de feijão do tipo preto em função da temperatura de secagem e do armazenamento

Abstract

Beans are the food that presents nutritional, economic and social importance, being one of the main crops produced in Brazil and in the world. The use of high quality seeds favors the establishment and final stand of plants in the field, resulting in high productivity. Several factors may influence the physical quality and the physiological performance of seeds, including the drying process and storage. The present project aimed to evaluate the physical quality and physiological performance of black beans seeds, IPR Tuiuiú variety, in function of drying air temperature and storage. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design, in a 5x5 factorial arrangement (drying air temperatures x storage time), with four replications. The harvest was performed when the seeds reached the moisture content of 21, 8 37 %, after the seeds were artificially dried at 35, 40, 45, 50 and 55º C. After drying the seeds were stored in kraft paper bags and stored for 240 days in an uncontrolled environment, and the physical and physiological analyzes were performed every 60 days of storage. The physiological quality of the seeds were evaluated by water content, electrical conductivity, first germination test, germination rate, germination and accelerated aging test. The physiological quality of the seeds decreased over the storage time, regardless of the temperature of the air drying. Seeds submitted to air drying temperatures above 45º C showed a significant reduction in their physiological quality.