Avaliação da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja de diferentes partes da planta

Abstract

Soybeans are one of the main grains grown in the world due to their importance in food and oil production. Increased productivity of this crop is increasingly sought due to high demand. For this, the use of seeds of adequate physiological quality, which present a good germination rate and high vigor guarantees an adequate plant population, a factor that contributed to increase production by area. The present work aimed to identify which part of the plant, be it superior, medium or inferior, are seeds with physiological quality, from the evaluation of parameters such as germination, vigor, presence of abnormal seedlings, green and dry mass . The experiment was carried out using two cultivars, DM 5958 IPRO and NA 5445, both collected in the demonstration area of the Cooperativa Mista São Roque Ltda, and the analyzes carried out in the Plant Physiology laboratory of the Federal University of the South Frontier, Cerro Largo campus. A completely randomized design was used, with four replications, in the factorial scheme, totaling 24 experimental units. After the present tests, there was a difference between seeds collected from different parts of the plant, where the seeds collected in the upper part of the plant presented a superior performance in both cultivars, when observed the parameters as vigor, greater presence of seedlings normal, and higher performance due to the greater weight of green and dry mass. Observing the percentage of germination, only one cultivar showed a significant difference in the upper part.