Fernando Favaretto e os métodos de ensino nas décadas de 1920-1940 em Chapecó-SC

Abstract

The research aims to analyze the role of the school in a region of agricultural frontier, in the city of Chapecó-SC, from the notebooks and notes of Professor Fernando Favaretto, in the period 1920-1940. The research aims to contribute to the knowledge of the trajectory of this teacher who played an important role in the formation of the Chapeco society in the period, since the municipality was in its initial development. Favaretto was one of the first residents and professor of the city of Chapecó, contributing to what would become the school institution in the Santa Catarina West. The sources used are teaching documents, notes, books, student notebooks, the João de Deus Method and attendance lists. The João de Deus Method or Maternal Primer, elaborated by the Portuguese poet João de Deus in 1876, proposes a way of teaching reading totally different from those already existing in Portugal. This method establishes new procedures, new attitudes, a new nomenclature, in short, a new starting point for the teaching of reading which is the word and its meaning and not the letter and syllable in its sounds. Therefore it is necessary to make a contextualization of teaching in Brazil in the early years of Portuguese Colonization in order to understand why methods of Imperial Brazil remain after the Proclamation of the Republic. Through these documents left by Professor Fernando Favaretto, we will seek answers to questions related to their teaching practices, as well as identify the difficulties faced.