História e filosofia da ciência como ferramenta didática no ensino de ciências da natureza

Abstract

The Natural Sciences is one of the areas of knowledge that most faces students' learning difficulties. Textbooks and certain teaching practices make it possible to create myths about the nature and development of Science and scientific practice. This Work of Conclusion of Course presents, by means of the research in periodicals and specialized books, the main contributions of the philosophers of Science in the demystification and understanding of the nature of Science and the reflexes in the teaching of Natural Sciences. In the search for an overcoming of the fragmented approach in the teaching of the Natural Sciences, different proposals have suggested the work with themes that propose the inter-related historical and philosophical contextualization and integrated to the contents allowing an interdisciplinary approach to this area of knowledge. It was also analyzed through bibliographical research different ways of using the History and Philosophy of Science as a didactic tool in the contextualized teaching of Natural Sciences and some contributions to the formation and improvement of teachers in the area of Natural Sciences. Some models of didactic proposals that make use of History and Philosophy of Science in the teaching of Natural Sciences were also presented. And, finally, this work also contributes to the elaboration of didactic proposal for the teaching of inorganic functions (acids and bases) that contemplate the use of History and Philosophy of Science in the teaching of Natural Sciences.