Profilaxia antibacteriana em procedimentos radiológicos intervencionistas

Abstract

The majority of interventional radiology (IR) treatments are minimally invasive alternatives to open surgery and laparoscopy. However, even if the manipulation is minimally invasive (percutaneous), there is a chance of bacterial infections. The first review published in the field of antibiotic prophylaxis in IR occurred in the 1980s and, from that time to the present, few controlled and randomized studies were developed. Percutaneous biliary drainage is usually performed when endoscopic approaches fail to alleviate biliary obstruction due to biliary calculi, pancreatic carcinoma, and others. It is a procedure considered cleancontaminated or contaminated and, therefore, routine prophylaxis is recommended, however, there is no consensus of the antibiotic of first choice. With this in view, this study aimed to analyze aspects related to prophylaxis in procedures of the bile ducts within the scope of IR. A cross-sectional study was performed with a non-probabilistic sample, selected for convenience, composed of all patients over 18 years of age, of both sexes, submitted to percutaneous biliary drainage, with or without implants of biliary prosthesis, between 20152018, in a general teaching hospital. Those who died during the procedure and/or were in previous use of antibiotic therapy were excluded. This study observed a frequency of antibiotic prophylaxis different from what the literature recommends: 84.9% versus routine prophylaxis. Considering the class of antibiotics used as prophylaxis, the sample differed from the literature in at least half of the cases, because, a quinolone class agent was used alone (58.6%).