Biologia germinativa de Solanum americanum: planta daninha ascendente em lavouras brasileiras

Abstract

The weed plant Solanum americanum is weed in plantation of many cultures of agronomic interest, characterized by the big production of fruits and seeds. To an efficient management of weed plants is essential the knowledge of the species biology to development of strategies of control and the combinations of these. With this, it was aimed to determine the environmental factors that interfere in the germination and emergence of S. americanum. To this, it was developed six experiments in laboratory, where camp situations was simulated, being tested the germination under osmotic, saline, stress, effect of the aluminum content and different covers and levels of straw. It was done evaluations of germination and emergence of seedlings, depending on the objective of the experiment. The results was submitted to the test of variance by the test F (p≤0,05), being significant it was applied regressions not linear to the quantitative factor and qualitative factor applied Skott- Knott (p≤0,05). It was observed that 5 the germination of the species is affected according the increase of the salinity, and decrease of the osmotic potential of the soil, the same was observed to the covers and the cover’s levels, being that according the increase in the quantity of straw occurs decrease of the emergence rate. Germination was drastically reduced at alkaline pH. To the effect of the aluminum content it is observed that there is not effect in the germination, but yes in the normal development of seedlings.