Avaliação de cultivares de feijão quanto à qualidade tecnológica de grãos

Abstract

Brazil is one of the largest producers and consumers of beans in the world, thus being a culture of importance for the country's food security. Bean production is determined by the market, and by regional and cultural preferences of the consumer, and also from the technological quality of the beans, which is defined by chemical, physical and sensory characteristics of the grain. Among these characteristics are the absorption rate. , the number of hard grains and the cooking time, characteristics that are easily perceived by the consumer. From this the objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of bean cultivars regarding the technological quality of the beans and their interaction with the environment in the municipality of Cerro Largo - Rio Grande do Sul. two vintages (vintage and off season). The determination of the technological quality of the grains was made from the evaluation of the absorption rate, number of hard grains and cooking time. The absorption rate was determined by the difference in grain mass before and after 8 hours of soaking, the number of hard grains was determined by counting the grains that remained without water after 8 hours of soaking, and the cooking time was determined with the 25-pin Mattason cooker, considering the cooking time as the average falling time of the first 13 cooker pins. From the obtained data we conclude that there is interaction between the technological quality of the grains and the environment of cultivation, as well as that there are significant correlations between the tested variables. The cultivars that presented superior technological quality in both environments were BRS Esplendor, BRD Estilo and Pearl. The cultivar BRS Esteio presented lower technological quality in both crops compared to the other cultivars.