Potencial alelopático de compostos voláteis na germinação de sementes e no comprimento de raízes de tomateiro

Abstract

Tomato plays an important role in world food. It is the most cultivated solanaceae in Brazil. Its importance is in the use of food agribusiness and in natura consumption. It is a healthy and nutritious plant. In well conducted cultivation presents a satisfactory profit to the producer. However the tomato is an indicative plant in allelopathy, as it is sensitive to some chemical alleles released by other plants. Therefore, the objective was to study the allelopathic potential through the essential oil of some plants in different concentrations under laboratory conditions. Thus, the experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Cerro Largo campus - RS, in the plant physiology laboratory during August and September 2019. Experiments were carried out regarding germination and root growth (25 seeds per UEs). Five plant essence oils were used to make the extracts: cinnamon (Cinammomun verum), lemon grass (Cymbopogum citratus), pepper rosemary (Lippia sidoides cham.), Carnation carnation (Ocimum gratissimum) and jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus). The extracts had 4 concentrations (0%, 0.01%, 0.10% and 1.00%). Germination was evaluated in% and root growth in centimeters. The data obtained were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the statistical software SASM-agri. Given the results, the essential oils of cinnamon, lemon grass and rosemary pepper were the ones that most inhibited root germination and growth. The alfavaca clove essential oil had a milder effect. Jaborandi essential oil did not inhibit germination or root growth of tomato seeds. Thus, it was concluded that there were negative allelopathic effects at the highest concentrations, evidenced by the decrease in germination and root growth, except in jaborandi essential oil that germination and root growth was not affected.