Armazenamento de sementes de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris) sob atmosfera de fluxo contínuo com baixo oxigênio

Abstract

Beans are a widespread crop throughout the Brazilian territory, being of great importance in the diet of the population, because it is a rich source of nutrients. The present project aimed to evaluate the use of low oxygen (<1.0Kpa) in bean seed storage. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments under different ambient gas concentrations, [1] <1.0 kPa O2 + 0.04 kPa CO2 without temperature control, [2] <1.0 kPa O2 +> 10 kPa of CO2 without temperature control, [3] (control) 21 kPa of O2 + 0.04 kPa of CO2 without temperature control and [4] 21 kPa of O2 + 0.04 kPa of CO2 with temperature control at 20ºC. The seeds of all treatments were stored for 116 days. Seed characteristics were evaluated by germination, electrical conductivity, dry moisture content, one thousand grain weight, accelerated aging, emergence speed index and tetrazolium test. The tests were performed at the beginning of storage, after 116 days in the chamber and 7 days after 20ºC. Comparing the results, in the Tukey test at 5% probability of error, it was observed that the germination showed no statistical difference between the treatments, but for the parameters emergence speed index, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging and tetrazolium test. difference, where the treatments stored with low oxygen presented the best results. Thus, according to the results obtained in this work, the storage under low-flow continuous atmosphere with low O2 is a viable and efficient alternative to maintain bean seed vigor.