Danos mecânicos em sementes de soja sob diferentes velocidades de colheita

Abstract

Soy is a crop with great prominence in the agricultural scenario, it has economic and social importance all over the world. And in order to have quality seeds, the care in removing the grain from the crops must be improved in order to reduce mechanical damage at the time of harvest. Taking into account the technology that agricultural machines have made available to the producer, in work done correctly, the damage can be significantly reduced. The objective of the present work was to evaluate possible mechanical damages in the soybean seed at different speeds of operation. Using a slc 7500 harvester with a radial (conventional) trail system at operating speeds of 2.5 km h-1, 4 km h-1 and 5 km h-1 with a 500rpm cylinder rotation and a concave opening 33mm input and 16mm output. The germination test showed that there was a significant difference between the operating speeds of the harvester, in which the speed of 4 km h-1 was the treatment that provided the highest percentage of germination of the harvested seeds. By the sodium hypochlorite test it was possible to verify that the speed of 4 km h-1 had the lowest percentage if seeds with mechanical damage. For the harvester model used in the experiment, with a grain humidity of 11%, the speed of 4 km h-1 had the highest percentage of germination of grains in the laboratory and the lowest number of grains with defects from mechanical damage was observed.